Supreme Court Advocates for Childcare and Feeding Rooms in Public Spaces

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Supreme Court Advocates for Childcare and Feeding Rooms in Public Spaces The Supreme Court of India has suggested that the Union Government develop a comprehensive policy addressing the construction of feeding rooms and childcare facilities  in public places. This move aims to ensure that nursing mothers and their children can access basic amenities in a dignified and private manner, reinforcing their fundamental rights under the Indian Constitution. SC Encourages Policy Formulation A bench comprising Justice BV Nagarathna  and Justice N Kotiswar Singh  highlighted the absence of a structured framework to address this pressing issue. The court advised the Centre to propose a policy that could then be implemented across the states, scheduling the next hearing for December 10, 2024.   The apex court emphasized that before issuing formal directions, it was crucial to understand the Centre’s perspective on implementing the petitioner’s demand for childcare and feedi...
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State Legislative Framework: Articles 168-177 and Governance Dynamics in India

State Legislative Framework: Articles 168-177 and Governance Dynamics in India







Overview:
Articles 168 to 177 delineate the establishment, composition, powers, and functions of State Legislatures, including provisions for the Governor's address, sessions, procedures, and privileges.

Article 168: Composition of State Legislature

Article 168 outlines the composition of the State Legislature, comprising the Governor and one or two Houses, known as the Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council.

Article 171: Composition of Legislative Councils

Article 171 provides for the composition of Legislative Councils in states, specifying the representation and electoral process.

Significance and Interpretation:

While not heavily supported by numerous case laws specifically tied to each article, Articles 168 to 177 hold critical importance in shaping state legislative functioning and adherence to constitutional principles.

Legislative Structure:
These articles establish the framework for state legislatures, defining their structure, sessions, procedures, and the Governor's role in summoning, proroguing, and dissolving sessions.

Constitutional Principles:
The articles embody constitutional principles such as bicameralism, ensuring representation from diverse sections, and the importance of the Governor's address at the commencement of sessions.

Relevant Instances and Constitutional Principles:

Kerala Assembly Dissolution (1959):
The dissolution of the Kerala Assembly in 1959 and subsequent legal challenges highlighted the constitutional principles regarding the Governor's discretion in dissolving the Assembly.

Legislative Council Formation:
Instances of debates on the necessity and efficacy of Legislative Councils in various states have influenced discussions on their composition and role within state governance.

Contemporary Relevance and Challenges:

In the contemporary landscape, Articles 168 to 177 face challenges related to the efficacy of bicameralism, the relevance of Legislative Councils, and optimizing the legislative process for efficient governance.

Bicameralism Efficacy:
Ensuring that the bicameral system leads to effective legislative oversight and contributes substantively to lawmaking poses a contemporary challenge.

Role of Legislative Councils:
The role and necessity of Legislative Councils in various states, considering their efficacy and representation, continue to be topics of discussion and debate.

Conclusion:

Articles 168 to 177 of the Indian Constitution delineate the framework for State Legislatures, outlining their structure, sessions, and procedures. While not extensively supported by numerous case laws specific to each article, these provisions hold paramount importance in shaping state legislative functioning and embodying constitutional principles. As India advances in governance, ensuring the effectiveness of bicameralism, optimizing legislative procedures, and addressing the relevance of Legislative Councils remain crucial for robust and efficient state governance within the constitutional framework.

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