Supreme Court Advocates for Childcare and Feeding Rooms in Public Spaces

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Supreme Court Advocates for Childcare and Feeding Rooms in Public Spaces The Supreme Court of India has suggested that the Union Government develop a comprehensive policy addressing the construction of feeding rooms and childcare facilities  in public places. This move aims to ensure that nursing mothers and their children can access basic amenities in a dignified and private manner, reinforcing their fundamental rights under the Indian Constitution. SC Encourages Policy Formulation A bench comprising Justice BV Nagarathna  and Justice N Kotiswar Singh  highlighted the absence of a structured framework to address this pressing issue. The court advised the Centre to propose a policy that could then be implemented across the states, scheduling the next hearing for December 10, 2024.   The apex court emphasized that before issuing formal directions, it was crucial to understand the Centre’s perspective on implementing the petitioner’s demand for childcare and feedi...
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Legislative Tenure and Accountability: Articles 194-195 and State Legislature Governance in India

Legislative Tenure and Accountability: Articles 194-195 and State Legislature Governance in India







Overview:
Articles 194 to 195 outline the tenure, privileges, and disqualification provisions for Members of State Legislatures, ensuring their responsible conduct and safeguarding legislative autonomy.

Article 194: Powers, Privileges, and Immunities of Legislatures

Article 194 confers powers, privileges, and immunities to State Legislatures, protecting their independence and ensuring freedom of speech.

Article 195: Salaries and Allowances of Members

Article 195 addresses the salaries and allowances of Members of State Legislatures, ensuring adequate remuneration for their services.

Significance and Interpretation:

While not extensively supported by numerous case laws specific to each article, Articles 194 to 195 play a pivotal role in defining the privileges, responsibilities, and tenure of Members of State Legislatures, aligning with constitutional principles.

Legislative Autonomy:
Article 194 ensures the autonomy of State Legislatures by providing privileges and immunities to legislators, safeguarding their ability to function independently.

Legislative Accountability:
Article 195 addresses the salaries and allowances of legislators, ensuring adequate remuneration for their services while upholding accountability.

Relevant Instances and Constitutional Principles:

Defamation Cases:
Instances of legislators invoking Article 194's protection while making statements or speeches within the House highlight the privileges and immunities conferred to ensure uninhibited debate.

Salary and Allowances Revision:
Instances of discussions and revisions in salaries and allowances of legislators showcase adherence to Article 195, ensuring appropriate compensation for their services.

Contemporary Relevance and Challenges:

In the contemporary landscape, Articles 194 to 195 face challenges related to maintaining the balance between privileges and accountability, revisiting the adequacy of salaries, and addressing instances of misuse of privileges.

Balancing Privileges and Accountability:
Ensuring that privileges conferred under Article 194 are not misused and don't impede accountability remains a contemporary challenge.

Revisiting Salaries and Allowances:
Addressing debates on revising salaries and allowances, balancing fair compensation with public perception, and financial prudence pose challenges.

Conclusion:

Articles 194 to 195 of the Indian Constitution delineate the tenure, privileges, and responsibilities of Members of State Legislatures, ensuring their autonomy, accountability, and adequate remuneration. While not extensively supported by numerous case laws specific to each article, these provisions significantly impact legislative governance. As India progresses in governance, balancing legislative privileges with accountability, revisiting remuneration policies, and addressing challenges related to the responsible exercise of privileges remain crucial for maintaining the integrity of State Legislatures within the constitutional framework.
Location: Pune, Maharashtra, India

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